Organisms and their environment
78 past-paper questions on Organisms and their environment · examined 2020–2025.
20258 questions
37 The diagram shows a food web. worms small mammals snakes plants predatory birds insects small birds Which organisms in this food web are primary consumers? A insects B plants C small birds D small mammals
© UCLES 2025 5090/11/O/N/25 [Turn over 38 The processes listed occur in living organisms in a food chain. 1 excretion 2 photosynthesis 3 respiration Which processes would result in a loss of energy from a food chain? A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 only D 3 only 18
39 Trees in a forest need a constant supply of nitrates to continue growing. The diagram shows some of the stages of the nitrogen cycle that provide the necessary nitrates. Which stage in this cycle is not brought about by living bacteria? nitrogen in the air nitrates in plants for growth leaves eaten by animals dead organic material in soil nitrates in soil ammonium compounds in soil A D lightning B animal excreta dead plant remains dead animal remains C
37 The diagram shows a food chain. large tree small insect small bird large bird Which pyramid of numbers is based on the food chain shown? C D A B
© UCLES 2025 5090/12/O/N/25 38 The diagram shows the movement of carbon in the carbon cycle in gigatonnes per year. atmosphere decomposers plants fossil fuels animals 20 10 0.1 40 60 125 How many gigatonnes of carbon are moved by respiration each year? A 120 B 125 C 130 D 255 15
39 Energy is lost from a food chain from one trophic level to the next. How is energy lost from a food chain? 1 by egestion 2 by respiration 3 by photosynthesis 4 by excretion A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 4 only C 1 and 2 only D 3 only
© UCLES 2025 5090/12/O/N/25 40 The diagram shows the nitrogen cycle. nitrogen in plants nitrogen in animals nitrates in soil nitrogen in soil as ammonium nitrogen in air spaces in soil nitrogen in air 3 6 2 1 4 5 7 Which stages involve bacteria? A 1, 2, 5 and 6 B 2, 5, 6 and 7 C 3, 5, 6 and 7 D 3, 4, 5 and 6 16 Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly
Identify the name of the kingdom and genus of this organism.
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